PDA Parenting Explained: Why PDA Isn’t Behaviour, It’s a Nervous System Response

0:00 SPEAKER_00: Equalizing is about surviving.

0:02 SPEAKER_00: Many PDA children use control refusal, or what sometimes is called equalizing behavior, if you've heard that term before, to try to restore balance when demands for them feel so overwhelming.

0:14 SPEAKER_00: This isn't manipulation, it genuinely is a survival instinct that clicks within them.

0:23 SPEAKER_00: Welcome to the Attuned Spectrum Podcast.

0:25 SPEAKER_00: I'm Chantelle Hewitt, an ADHD mum, experienced educator, and autism support coach who understands your path because I also walk it daily.

0:35 SPEAKER_00: This is your space for real conversations that empower your autistic child, yourself, and your family to thrive.

0:42 SPEAKER_00: Here, we respect neurodiversity, cheer on advocacy, and leave judgment at the door.

0:47 SPEAKER_00: Join me inside this week's episode.

0:56 SPEAKER_00: Hi everyone, and welcome back to the Attune Spectrum Podcast.

0:59 SPEAKER_00: I'm Chantelle, your host.

Understanding PDA and Its Challenges

1:01 SPEAKER_00: If parenting your child feels harder than you ever imagined, if you've tried everything that you've been told to do and nothing seems to work, or it actually makes things worse, I want you to hear this clearly.

1:14 SPEAKER_00: You are not failing.

1:16 SPEAKER_00: I want to help you understand why parenting your PDA child can feel so impossible, why traditional advice hasn't worked, and what's actually happening beneath your child's behavior.

1:29 SPEAKER_00: By the end, you will have a clearer understanding of your child's nervous system and hopefully feel a little less alone.

1:36 SPEAKER_00: So if we haven't met before, I'm Chantal.

1:38 SPEAKER_00: I'm an autism and PDA parenting coach and experienced educator, and I support parents raising autistic children, especially those who are PDA, using a nervous system-led neurodiversity affirming and connection first approach.

1:51 SPEAKER_00: I'm also a late-diagnosed autistic ADHD and PDA woman myself, and I'm a parent to neurodivergent children, including my PDA autistic son.

2:00 SPEAKER_00: Neurodiversity affirming practice is the backbone of everything that I share.

2:05 SPEAKER_00: So you'll never hear behavior framed as something to control or eliminate, but something instead to understand and to support.

2:12 SPEAKER_00: Everything I talk about comes from both lived experience and over a decade of working alongside families.

The Role of the Nervous System in PDA

2:18 SPEAKER_00: PDA is not behavior.

2:20 SPEAKER_00: One of the biggest misunderstandings about PDA is that refusals are seen as behavioral choices.

2:26 SPEAKER_00: However, in PDA, refusals are not a behavioral choice.

2:30 SPEAKER_00: Instead, they are a nervous system response to a perceived threat within your child's body.

2:36 SPEAKER_00: When a PDA child, pathologically demand avoidant, feels pressured, controlled, or overwhelmed, even in ways that might seem really small to us as parents, their nervous system moves into protection mode, survival.

2:51 SPEAKER_00: The body says no before the thinking brain has any chance to engage or to switch back online.

2:57 SPEAKER_00: This is why strategies based on reasoning, rewards, consequences, or talking it through often don't work, especially not in the moment.

3:06 SPEAKER_00: I'm going to give you one of the most common examples of when this happens every single day in my home with my son.

3:12 SPEAKER_00: It usually comes with making choices around food or around breakfast time in particular.

3:18 SPEAKER_00: He needs that autonomy, that control in the mornings.

3:20 SPEAKER_00: I'm PDA as well.

3:22 SPEAKER_00: So you can imagine that we butt heads a little bit, and it just adds this extra layer of complexity.

3:28 SPEAKER_00: But there is a way through it if you are listening and you know that you are neurodivergent as well, whether you're PDA or not, you can be successful in navigating demand avoidance with your child when you understand that it comes from this genuine place of panic, of anxiety, of needing absolute control and autonomy.

3:50 SPEAKER_00: And if they don't have it in those moments, then they go into fight or flight or freeze or fawn, which is their masking response.

3:58 SPEAKER_00: So, yes, back to breakfast with my child.

4:01 SPEAKER_00: Even though he knows what he wants for breakfast and I know what he wants for breakfast, he needs to be in control of how the situation unfolds, which is totally okay, by the way.

4:12 SPEAKER_00: We are okay with that.

4:13 SPEAKER_00: It took us a long time to understand what was going on.

4:16 SPEAKER_00: But once we did, and once we could name the nervous system threat that he was experiencing around mealtimes, we could support him.

4:24 SPEAKER_00: Yes, it becomes frustrating and we do have our moments.

4:27 SPEAKER_00: But now that we have had this mindset shift from this is his nervous system needs, this is not his behavior.

4:34 SPEAKER_00: He is not intending to upset us, to manipulate.

4:38 SPEAKER_00: By the way, children don't intend to manipulate just in general.

4:41 SPEAKER_00: I will just say that.

4:42 SPEAKER_00: But yeah, breakfast goes a bit like this.

4:45 SPEAKER_00: Hey, mama, I want some food.

4:47 SPEAKER_00: Okay, what would you like?

4:49 SPEAKER_00: Even that question sometimes, depending on his nervous system, is enough to push him into a fight or flight response.

4:56 SPEAKER_00: I keep things as low questioning as possible, very low demand.

5:00 SPEAKER_00: I don't control the situation.

5:03 SPEAKER_00: I take a step back.

5:04 SPEAKER_00: I might just say, hey, I'm grabbing myself some breakfast, and he might say, Hey, I want this toast.

5:10 SPEAKER_00: What often happens is even though we both know what he wants, he will become quite upset if I suggest it first.

5:18 SPEAKER_00: So it has to be driven by him.

5:20 SPEAKER_00: And if he also feels like I should know and I should have got it for him, then there's those communication differences between both of us that we have to navigate.

5:29 SPEAKER_00: Anyway, that is an example.

5:30 SPEAKER_00: Food is a big one.

5:32 SPEAKER_00: At the end of the day, he has the utmost control over how his meals unfold.

5:37 SPEAKER_00: Obviously, we have boundaries in place, which we will not get to in this video.

Equalizing Behavior in PDA Children

5:41 SPEAKER_00: Now I want to talk about equalizing.

5:43 SPEAKER_00: So equalizing is about surviving.

5:45 SPEAKER_00: Many PDA children use control refusal, or what sometimes is called equalizing behavior, if you've heard that term before, to try to restore balance when demands for them feel so overwhelming.

5:58 SPEAKER_00: This isn't manipulation.

5:59 SPEAKER_00: It genuinely is a survival instinct that clicks within them.

6:04 SPEAKER_00: When demands stack up, oh, I should probably put this down.

6:08 SPEAKER_00: When demands stack up one on top of each other, this accumulation becomes so much for your PDA child.

6:15 SPEAKER_00: And when that stack is way too high, your child will need to equalize, to have this challenging or troubling behavior in order to feel safe again in their body, in their nervous system.

6:28 SPEAKER_00: This may be an indication too, if your child is PDA, even if you're thinking if your child is PDA.

6:34 SPEAKER_00: If they finally have this moment where they snap out of something, even if it is over an hour, like a very long period of time, and all of a sudden something just seems to click.

6:46 SPEAKER_00: It's usually because they have finally lifted their nervous system through equalizing behavior to a place of not being above their threshold.

6:55 SPEAKER_00: So they feel safer.

6:56 SPEAKER_00: And then all of a sudden, it's almost like they're back to normal.

6:59 SPEAKER_00: Whether that's sustained or not, you may be noticing those patterns.

7:03 SPEAKER_00: I definitely noticed them myself.

7:05 SPEAKER_00: My husband and I were just had no idea what was going on.

7:08 SPEAKER_00: And funny enough, a couple years later, we realized that the mother of the family is also PDA.

7:13 SPEAKER_00: Autistic.

7:14 SPEAKER_00: So again, story for a different day.

Why Children Hold It Together at School

7:16 SPEAKER_00: Now let's talk about why everything falls apart at home.

7:20 SPEAKER_00: A lot of parents tell me that their child holds it together all day at school, with other adults, with their teachers, with their friends, and then completely falls apart or loses it at home.

7:31 SPEAKER_00: This isn't because home is the problem.

7:34 SPEAKER_00: It is because home is where your child feels the safest.

7:37 SPEAKER_00: They have you.

7:38 SPEAKER_00: They have you as their co-regulator.

7:40 SPEAKER_00: You are their person.

7:42 SPEAKER_00: And while I know that is kind of a compliment, it doesn't take away how distressing it can feel as you parent your PDA child through these explosive meltdowns.

7:54 SPEAKER_00: It is a lot.

7:55 SPEAKER_00: It really affects the parent as well.

7:58 SPEAKER_00: And those things are different.

7:59 SPEAKER_00: I talk about this quite often.

8:01 SPEAKER_00: And I think it's really important to make that distinction.

8:04 SPEAKER_00: I may have some nasty comments even for saying this or suggesting this.

8:08 SPEAKER_00: It's actually how I even started the Atoon Spectrum podcast is when we look at how autism and how parenting or autistic child or PDA autistic child, any neurodivergent child, when we make it about us instead of about their experience, that actually doesn't do anything to create sustainable well-being moving forward.

8:28 SPEAKER_00: If that is your goal, that has always been my goal.

8:30 SPEAKER_00: So that's what I bring it back to.

8:32 SPEAKER_00: And that's what I'm teaching on this channel and through Attuned Spectrum Podcast.

8:35 SPEAKER_00: But that isn't saying that how you feel isn't valid, because it 100% is valid.

8:42 SPEAKER_00: And that brings me to those foundations of attuned parenting.

8:45 SPEAKER_00: And what I teach is that you are the foundation.

8:49 SPEAKER_00: So you 100% have this journey affecting you, but your journey is separate from your child's.

8:56 SPEAKER_00: So they are here, you are here, you need to be okay.

8:59 SPEAKER_00: They need to be okay, but they need you to be okay.

9:03 SPEAKER_00: And when we as parents reflect their struggles on how hard our life is, I think that's when things get a bit muddled.

9:12 SPEAKER_00: So yes, this journey is about your family, but at the end of the day, it's your child that is struggling, and that is separate from your struggles.

9:21 SPEAKER_00: So once we see those things as separate and we can validate the child, validate the parent, not expect the child to be validating for the parent, that is when that well-being, that sustainability really comes into play.

9:35 SPEAKER_00: But to clarify, the child is so important.

9:40 SPEAKER_00: The parent is so important.

9:41 SPEAKER_00: Everyone's needs in the family are important.

9:43 SPEAKER_00: What we need to do is understand that equity versus equality within our nervous systems in the home, our sensory needs that we have, our well-being, and how to come up with ways that support everyone within the home, honor how everyone feels, but also honoring in a neurodiversity-affirming way.

10:04 SPEAKER_00: So honoring neurodiversity, not taking autism and looking at it from a deficit or a behavioral standpoint, or trying to fix it, or trying to force social skills or behavior therapy on children.

The Downfall of Traditional Parenting Advice

10:20 SPEAKER_00: So next, I'd like to talk about why traditional advice backfires.

10:25 SPEAKER_00: Most traditional parenting advice is built around compliance, consistency, and behavioral management.

10:31 SPEAKER_00: But for PDA children, these approaches often increase threat, not safety.

10:36 SPEAKER_00: Rigid routines without autonomy, they do become pressure for your child.

10:40 SPEAKER_00: And that stacks up.

10:41 SPEAKER_00: Rewards can feel controlling, even if they're well intended by parents, been there, done that, still do that.

10:48 SPEAKER_00: And consequences, they often drive escalation in behaviors.

10:54 SPEAKER_00: This is often why parents feel like everything they try that is more embedded within a behavioralist approach, opposed to thinking connection first, safety first, nervous system supports first, they end up getting into this spiral, this meltdown, this burnout, and everything actually gets so much worse for the child, for the parent, for everyone within the home.

11:16 SPEAKER_00: Lowering demands is not permissive parenting, by the way.

11:20 SPEAKER_00: It is nervous system-informed, neurodiversity-affirming parenting.

11:24 SPEAKER_00: Please don't let anyone tell you differently.

11:26 SPEAKER_00: And I know people will talk and say things.

11:29 SPEAKER_00: Just know that capacity grows after safety, not before.

11:33 SPEAKER_00: The goal for us as parents with our PDA children isn't to make them resilient or to push them to the edge of burnout time after time just to see what they're capable of.

11:44 SPEAKER_00: Honestly, it just doesn't make sense.

11:47 SPEAKER_00: I just think of my anxiety that I had as a child, and now I have words and understanding of what that meant and why I was processing things differently and why I struggled.

11:58 SPEAKER_00: Even now I know why I struggle.

12:00 SPEAKER_00: But if I think if anyone tried to push me the way that it is suggested that we push our PDA, autistic children, or autistic children in general, or any child for that matter, I would be having anxiety attacks.

12:15 SPEAKER_00: Resilience is not built by exposing us time and time again, or our children time and time again to things that genuinely overwhelm them.

12:25 SPEAKER_00: And that is where I do hold so true to being neurodiversity affirming.

12:30 SPEAKER_00: And what that means at the end of the day is that we listen to the lived experiences of autistic and PDA adults and children, anyone who is neurodivergent within this community, within this space, make sure that they have their voice heard and how interventions have affected them.

Building a Connection-First Approach

12:48 SPEAKER_00: I understand that parents will do everything they can for their child.

12:53 SPEAKER_00: This has never been about a lack of effort.

12:56 SPEAKER_00: It is more about a lack of understanding of how a PDA nervous system, one that thrives off autonomy and connection and spontaneity and allowing demands to just fall away so they can flourish.

13:14 SPEAKER_00: And it is possible.

13:15 SPEAKER_00: I do just want to say it is possible if you have a PDA child.

13:18 SPEAKER_00: I know it's possible because we live it every day, because we literally dug ourselves out of burnout upon burnout, two years of it for our child.

13:28 SPEAKER_00: And now we've been living this connection, low demand way, and it's still hard.

13:34 SPEAKER_00: I will tell you that it is not easy.

13:37 SPEAKER_00: But because we have the tools and the understanding, we have sustainable shifts within our family.

13:44 SPEAKER_00: Everyone's needs are supported.

13:46 SPEAKER_00: And I can already see that our child's future will be bright because we have this understanding.

13:52 SPEAKER_00: But does not mean that it is easy.

The Journey of Parenting a PDA Child

13:54 SPEAKER_00: And if you are feeling like this is really hard, that is okay.

13:58 SPEAKER_00: It is hard.

13:59 SPEAKER_00: Parenting an autistic child, a PDA autistic child, is hard.

14:03 SPEAKER_00: Switching to a brand new parenting routine or parenting approach that you aren't familiar with that goes against everything in your own nervous system, especially if you need autonomy and control as well.

14:15 SPEAKER_00: I know a lot of other parents feel that way too.

14:18 SPEAKER_00: When a child feels safe, supported, and understood, their ability to engage and be calm just increases naturally because they are not overwhelmed by pressure, instructions, demands, commands, questioning, the pressure to do everything, to be resilient.

14:36 SPEAKER_00: If this has helped you to feel a little less broken or a little more understood, a little bit more supported, I want you to know that this is just the beginning of your journey.

14:45 SPEAKER_00: In this PDA parenting series, I'll be breaking down what actually supports PDA children from nervous system regulation to routines to language and how to protect your own nervous system, your own capacity and well-being as a parent.

14:59 SPEAKER_00: The next video in the series will air next week, where we talk about why PDA children hold it together all day and then fall apart at home.

15:08 SPEAKER_00: If you've stayed till the end, you know what I'm talking about.

15:11 SPEAKER_00: You are not failing, neither is your child.

15:14 SPEAKER_00: Unfortunately, our lovely world has not been set up to support their neurodivergence.

15:20 SPEAKER_00: But you are here, you are attuned, you are aware, and everything will be different.

15:26 SPEAKER_00: I would love to hear your stories, your experiences.

15:30 SPEAKER_00: If you have any questions, just pop them in the comments and I will see you guys next week.

15:39 SPEAKER_00: Thank you so much for allowing me into your world today.

15:42 SPEAKER_00: Wherever you are around the globe, if you like what you've heard, I would be so grateful if you would click that subscribe button and comment below to tell me one thing.

15:52 SPEAKER_00: What support do you need?

15:54 SPEAKER_00: This helps me create episodes that truly impact our shared community.

15:59 SPEAKER_00: By commenting, you not only help yourself, but you help make modern neurodiversity affirming autism support accessible to those who are searching for a better parenting approach that actually feels good.

16:12 SPEAKER_00: I'm Chantel, and I'll see you next week.